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<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Экономика и право. XXI век</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2076-2828</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2076-2828-2026-4-63-75</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Эффектуационные практики и выживаемость малого бизнеса в условиях неопределённости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effectuation Practices and the Survival of Small Businesses Under Conditions of Uncertainty</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельская</surname><given-names>Юлия Александровна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Belskaya</surname><given-names>Yulia Aleksandrovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>yulia_belskaya@mail.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Master’s student, Institute of Master’s Studies, Management programme, Strategic Corporate Management specialization, Saint Petersburg State University of Economics, Saint Petersburg</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">магистрант Института магистратуры, направление «Менеджмент», профиль «Стратегическое корпоративное управление», Санкт-Петербургский государственный экономический университет, г. Санкт-Петербург</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2026-11-12"><day>12</day><month>11</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><issue>4</issue><fpage>63</fpage><lpage>75</lpage><history><date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2026-09-30"><day>30</day><month>09</month><year>2026</year></date><date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2026-11-10"><day>10</day><month>11</month><year>2026</year></date></history><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="effektuatsionnye-praktiki-i-vyzhivaemost-malogo-biznesa-v-usloviyah-neopredelennosti.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>Цель статьи состоит в том, чтобы разработать концептуальную модель ресурсных механизмов, связывающих эффектуационные практики с выживаемостью действующих малых предприятий. В работе использованы теоретический обзор отечественных и зарубежных исследований, сопоставление понятий и концептуальный синтез. Модель рассматривает две практики: предварительное ограничение допустимых потерь и получение обязательств партнёров по участию в адаптационных решениях. Предполагается, что их связь с продолжением деятельности опосредована сохранением ликвидного резерва и фактическим доступом к ресурсам партнёров. Определены два условия действия механизмов: посильность необходимых адаптационных инвестиций и исходная надёжность партнёров. Сформулированы пять гипотез, охватывающих посреднические связи, условия их действия и взаимодополняемость практик. Предложен дизайн последующей проверки с разнесёнными во времени измерениями и наблюдением за исходной группой предприятий, включая закрывшиеся. Опубликованные российские обследования и зарубежные исследования используются для характеристики контекста и обсуждения механизмов; авторская модель эмпирически не проверялась. Теоретический вклад состоит в конкретизации промежуточных ресурсных связей и границ предполагаемого влияния эффектуационных практик на выживаемость малого бизнеса.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>This paper develops a conceptual model of the resource mechanisms linking effectual practices to the survival of established small firms. The study uses a theoretical review of Russian and international research, conceptual comparison, and synthesis. The model focuses on two practices: setting affordable-loss limits before decisions and securing stakeholder pre-commitments to adaptive initiatives. Their proposed links to continued operation are mediated by the preservation of a liquidity buffer and actual access to partners’ resources. Two boundary conditions are specified: the feasibility of necessary adaptation investments within the affordable-loss limit and partners’ initial reliability. Five hypotheses address the mediation paths, their boundary conditions, and the complementarity of the practices. A prospective research design separates measurements over time and follows the initial cohort, including firms that subsequently close. Published Russian surveys and international studies inform the context and discussion of mechanisms; the proposed model has not been empirically tested. The theoretical contribution is to specify intermediate resource pathways and the boundaries of the proposed effects of effectual practices on small firm survival.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эффектуация</kwd><kwd>каузация</kwd><kwd>малые предприятия</kwd><kwd>выживаемость</kwd><kwd>неопределённость</kwd><kwd>допустимые потери</kwd><kwd>предварительные обязательства партнёров</kwd><kwd>концептуальная модель</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>effectuation</kwd><kwd>causation</kwd><kwd>small firms</kwd><kwd>firm survival</kwd><kwd>uncertainty</kwd><kwd>affordable loss</kwd><kwd>stakeholder pre-commitments</kwd><kwd>conceptual model</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Голикова В. В. Оценка менеджерами влияния экономических санкций на деятельность российских малых и средних компаний // Российский журнал менеджмента. 2023. Т. 21. № 4. 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